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Working Paper

Tax Subsidy Rates on R&D Expenditures (1-B-Index)

Various
The tax subsidy rate is calculated as 1 minus the B-index, a measure of the before-tax income needed to break even on USD 1 of R&D outlays (Warda, 2001). It is based on responses from national finance/tax/innovation authorities and R&D statistical agencies to the OECD questionnaire on R&D tax incentives and also draws on other publicly available information.

Custom

Personal Remittances

World Bank Group
The World Bank defines personal remittances as the sum of personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers include all current transfers in cash or in kind between resident and non-resident individuals, independent of the source of income of the sender and the relationship between the households.

Working Paper

Strength of Legal Rights Index

Various
Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit.

Custom

Inflation

World Bank Group
The inflation rates in the data set reflect the annual percentage change in the costs of a goods and services basket (CPI) and the rate of the price change in the economy as a whole (GDP deflator).

Custom

Unemployment Rates

World Bank Group
The unemployment rate is the number of people unemployed as a percentage of the labor force.

Custom

Health Status

OECD
Testing OECD Life expectancy for males and femals in different age levels.

Custom

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Flows

OECD
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows record the value of cross-border transactions related to direct investment during a given period of time.

Custom

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

OECD
This dataset presents trends in man-made emissions of major greenhouse gases.

Custom

Access to Broadband Internet - Households and Enterprises

"Access to Broadband - Households and Enterprises" refers to the access to and use of broadband internet in households (as a percentage of households) and enterprises (as apercantage of enterprises). Broadband access is either fixed or mobile. Eurostat: isoc_bde15b_h (households) and isoc_bde15b_e (enterprises)

Custom

High-Technology Exports

World Bank Group
Exports of products with high research and development (R&D) intensity

Custom

Exports of Goods and Services

World Bank Group
Value of all goods and services exported to the rest of the world, as as share of national GDP and in current US Dollars.

Broadband - Enterprises

Source: Eurostat Unit: Percent

"Access to Broadband - Enterprises" refers to the access to and use of broadband internet in enterprises (as a percentage of enterprises). Broadband access is either fixed or mobile.

Broadband - Households

Source: Eurostat Unit: Percent

"Access to Broadband - Households" refers to the access to and use of broadband internet in households (as a percentage of households). Broadband access is either fixed or mobile.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Source: OECD Unit: Tonnes of CO2 equ. thousands JEL Code: N5

Carbon dioxide emissions, emissions excluding LULUCF (land use, land-use change and forestry)

Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Percent JEL Code: F10

Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world.

Exports of Goods and Services (Current US Dollars)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: US Dollars JEL Code: F10

Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world.

FDI Flows: Inward

Source: OECD Unit: Million US Dollar JEL Code: F33

Inward FDI Flows.

FDI Flows: Outward

Source: OECD Unit: Million US Dollar JEL Code: F33

Outward FDI Flows

Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Total

Source: OECD Unit: Tonnes of CO2 equ. thousands JEL Code: N5

Greenhouse gas emissions: total excluding LULUCF (land use, land-use change and forestry)

Health Status, Variable: Females at birth, Measure: Years

Source: OECD

Health Status, Variable: Females at birth, Measure: Years

Health Status, Variable: Males at birth, Measure: Years

Source: OECD

Health Status, Variable: Males at birth, Measure: Years

Health Status, Variable: Total population at birth, Measure: Years

Source: OECD

Health Status, Variable: Total population at birth, Measure: Years

High-technology Exports

Source: World Bank Group

World Development Indicators, Frequency: Annual, Series: High-technology exports (current US$)

Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Percent JEL Code: A10

The dataset has been retrieved from the World Bank's World Development Indicators: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)

Inflation Rate (GDP Deflator)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Percent JEL Code: A10

This dataset is part of the World Bank's World Development Indicators: Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)

Personal Remittances, Paid

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Current US Dollars

World Development Indicators: Personal remittances, paid (current US$)

Personal Remittances, Received

Source: World Bank Group Unit: current US Dollars

World Development Indicators: Personal remittances, received (current US$)

Personal Remittances, Received (% of GDP)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Percent

World Development Indicators: Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)

Personal Transfers, Receipts (BoP)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: current US Dollars

World Development Indicators: Personal transfers, receipts (BoP, current US$)

Strength of Legal Rights Index using the New Methology

Source: Various Unit: Index (0-12) JEL Code: H12

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Strength of Legal Rights Index using the old Methology

Source: Various Unit: Index (0-10)

Tax Subsidy Rate for R&D Outlays: Large, Loss-making firm

Source: Various

Tax Subsidy Rate for R&D Outlays: Large, Profitable firm

Source: Various Unit: Percent

Tax Subsidy Rate for R&D Outlays: SME Loss-making Firm

Source: Various Unit: Percent

Tax Subsidy Rate for R&D Outlays: SME, Profitable Firm

Source: Various Unit: Percent

Unemployment Rate (ILO Estimates)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Percent JEL Code: J64

Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. These estimates are recorded annually, in percent (%).

Unemployment Rate (National Estimates)

Source: World Bank Group Unit: Percent JEL Code: J64

Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. It is measured anually, as a percent (%).